Unit+5

> || 1920s America - "The Roaring '20s" ||
 * || [[image:http://intergate.sbhsd.k12.ca.us/sbhslib/reference/roaring20s.jpg width="313" height="340" caption="1920s America - "The Roaring '20s""]]||

1920's was known as the roaring twenties there is a (baseball player, muisican, Gangster, and so on) i think this is trying to say that the 20's was an exiting time period to live in were alot was going on.


 * [[image:http://www.investmentpostcards.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/20-sep-v16.jpg width="296" height="327" caption="October 29, 1929 - "Black Tuesday""]] ||
 * October 29, 1929 - "Black Tuesday" ||

im guessin this is were people got the news about what was going on around the world to keep them up to date on what going on-black tuesday stock market crashed


 * [[image:http://assets.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/business/2009/02/03/30sunemployment.jpg width="425" height="224" caption="American Unemployment Rate"]] ||
 * American Unemployment Rate ||

between 1932 and 1933 more jobs were made and alot of people had work. it kept getting better every year


 * [[image:http://www.standlikearock.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/spendinggreatdepression.jpg width="332" height="273" caption="Government Spending"]] ||
 * Government Spending ||

the government was spending more money every year. the more money that got spent the more jobs there are


 * [[image:http://arizona.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8341bf80c53ef011168d02683970c-500wi caption="A Hooverville"]] ||
 * A Hooverville ||

alot of people were living in bad conditions had small houses


 * [[image:http://www.economicnoise.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/newdeal2.jpg width="326" height="340" caption="Dr. FDR"]] ||
 * Dr. FDR ||

many laws, rights, and associations were being made. the medican is government spending


 * ====**The 1920s was a decade of... change (womens rights, success, increas prosparety, intertainment)**====
 * ====**But in 1929... The stock market crashed and the whole economy crumbled**====
 * ====**The 1930s became a decade of... deprassion, uninployment, homelessness, major problems for America, trtying to rebuild and fix the problems that are going on**====

Booms and Busts are normal parts of a capitalist economy, but the Great Depression was clearly not a normal bust cycle...
=== How did an economic bust become The Great Depression (the worst economic crisis in American history)??? ===

Top 5 Causes of the GD

 * 1) stock market crashed: stock holders lost more then 40 billion dollars
 * 2) The banks where having problems: couldn't give the people there money back
 * 3) Reduction in Purchasing Across the Board: people stpped purchasing things so people where getting fired from there jobs
 * 4) American Economic Policy with Europe: America stopped tradeing with other countrys and added more taxes on in port so americans would only buy American products
 * 5) Drought Conditions: many farm owners around Mississippi couldn't pay taxes and had to sell there farms(no rain no money)


 * in 1933, 28 states had no banks open
 * government didnt regulate buisness like it does now(didnt make any laws so things dont go bad)
 * to many American baught things on credit and knew they couldnt pay for it
 * bank failures wiped out about 9 million savings accounts
 * 659 banks closed in 1929(that was just the start)
 * by 1933 25%of Americas banks closed & 25%of Americans where unemployed
 * only 2% of Americans owned stock
 * 1930 4million people have no jobs
 * 1932 12million people have no jobs
 * 200,000 kids with no homes around 1933
 * building projects publicaly funded privetly built ex. hoover damp- 5,000 jobs

[|GD Reading]

media type="custom" key="8629372"

=Key Concepts so far (before the New Deal):=

hoover was presdiant from 1929 to 1933, he was a republican, he had a specifiac philosophy ( ideas and beliefs) about the government and economy
 * bank failure
 * people lost savings
 * people lost there homes/ homelessness
 * bad investments
 * too much buying on credit
 * slowdown of globel trade
 * children on there own
 * income dropped
 * unemployment
 * drought conditions
 * lack of government regulation
 * stock markets instabilty
 * hoover believed in talissez faire capatilisam
 * government lets everything be dosn't get really involved
 * when things started to go bad hoover didnt believe the government should jump in to take control of the economy and take a lot of action.
 * he believed in letting the economy sort itself out. but things were worse than he knew
 * hoover did take some action just not alot
 * FDR offered hoped hoover didnt
 * Smoot-Hawley Tariff- A law made by reed smoot & willis c. hawley, you had to pay more money to trade or sel/bye from other countrys, so americans would bye American products to keep the money in the country
 * RFC - Reconstruction Finance Corporation- independent agency of the united states government gave 2 billion dollars to banks, railroads, mortgage associations, and other businesses
 * Hoover Dam and other public works building projects- gave many people a job/chance to make some money for there familys government funded

[|The Great Depression Notes]

media type="custom" key="8795284"
=FDR was elected president in 1932=
 * relief---> relief for the unemployed and poor (to tell everyone that everything is going to be alright)
 * recovery---> recovery of the economy to normal levels (to get everything back to normal and working right)
 * reform---> reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression ( to make sure they never have another problem in the country like this again)
 * he is ok with the government to get involved with buisness
 * he wanted the government to spend money to make jobs
 * he wants higher taxes
 * he wants welfare programs
 * FDR had polio (39 years old)
 * famouse line from speech ( the only thing that we have to fear is fear it self )
 * went on the radio alot and spoke to Americans
 * Great public speaker
 * social security-elederly-government run
 * ww2 ended the great deperession
 * FDR was relected in 1936

=FDR - personality, philosophy, and Fireside Chats=
 * FDR was the 32nd president of united states
 * FDR was elected to the New York Senate 1910 & 1912
 * FDR kept to him self most of the time, threw his head up, never smiled (he seemed like he looked down on people)
 * FDR thought the government should be involved with the economy, complete oppsite of what hoover thought
 * Messages that FDR gave to the public on the radio (used it to help people get through the great depression by telling them everything is going to be ok)
 * you need confidance and hope to get through problems without them we would still be in the great depression



=Major news deal programs=
 * 1) Bank Holiday+++
 * 2) Emergency Banking Act+++
 * 3) AAA+++
 * 4) CCC+++
 * 5) NIRA+++
 * 6) TVA+++
 * 7) FDIC+++
 * 8) SEC+++
 * 9) WPA+++
 * 10) REA+++
 * 11) Social Security+++
 * 12) Fair Labor Standards Act+++

[|New Deal Programs] media type="custom" key="8778908"

=**FDR's three R's**=

Relief - temporary Job Programs Recovery - permanant jobs, and buissness expantion Reform - regulation of buissness

media type="custom" key="8808934"

=**The Dust Bowl**=

Dust Bowl vocabulary New Mexico, Oklahoma in the year of 1935 ||  ||   || in another ||  ||   || dust bowl and then migrated to cali. ||  ||   || EX. oklahoma, kansas,etc || They farmed corn, potatos and wheat ||   || [|Dust Bowl]
 * ==// TERM //== || ==// DEFINITION //== || ==// IMPORTANCE //== || ==// IMAGE //== ||
 * ==Dust Bowl== || a big dust storm that took place in Colorado, Kansas,
 * ==Drought== || no rain or very little rain ||  ||   ||
 * ==Migrant== || leaving one place and traveling to live
 * ==Okie== || people who had once lived in the
 * ==Great Plains== || Region of flat land used for farming

media type="custom" key="8869844"

=**What did FDR do to help those affected by the Dust Bowl?**=
 * FDR signed the taylor Grazing Act this allows him to take up 140 million acres of land
 * FDR signed the Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act this helps farmers not get there farms taken away from them in times of distress
 * FDR signed the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act this gives $525 million for drought relief
 * The DRS bought cows from farmers the none healthy ones
 * FDR starts the Shelterbelt Project he planted many trees in the great plains




 * YEAR || PERCENT UNEMPLOYED ||  ||
 * 1929 || 3.2 || * Stalck market crashes ||
 * 1930 || 8.7 ||  ||
 * 1931 || 15.9 || * Great depression sets in ||
 * 1932 || 23.6 || * FDR was elected ||
 * 1933 || 24.9 || * The new deal ||
 * 1934 || 21.7 || * job programs
 * SSA ||
 * 1935 || 20.1 || * job programs
 * SSA ||
 * 1936 || 16.9 || * job programs
 * SSA
 * FDR reelected ||
 * 1937 || 14.3 || * job programs (not enough)
 * SSA
 * congress slows down spending and unemployment jumps up 5% ||
 * 1938 || 19.0 ||  ||
 * 1939 || 17.2 ||  ||
 * 1940 || 14.6 || * FDR reelected ||
 * 1941 || 9.9 ||  ||
 * 1942 || 4.7 ||  ||
 * 1943 || 1.9 || * Great deperession ends ||
 * 1944 || 1.2 || * FDR reelected ||
 * 1945 || 1.9 || * FDR dies ||
 * 1946 || 3.9 ||  ||
 * 1947 || 3.6 ||  ||
 * 1948 || 3.4 ||  ||

A. Results at the time - addressing key issues

 * made banking better
 * helped the stock market to get back to normal
 * gave the people hope

B. Fighting unemployment and poverty - managing the Depression

 * temperary jobs didnt really help, after the job was done the workers became unemployed again

C. Programs that still exist today

 * SSA
 * SEC
 * unemployment
 * FDIC

D. Shifting voting patterns

 * as of 1936 africans americans start to vote democrat

E. Progress on social issues - women, African-Americans, etc.

 * women got involved with the government ( Frances Perkins )
 * women where oppionted leaders in several new deal agencies
 * African Americans got involved in the government (black cabinet)

F. Role of the government

 * Government got more involved with the economy (rules, and regulation)

=**Unit 5 key terms**=


 * Roaring Twenties
 * ====Prohibition / 18th Amendment====
 * Banned the import or transportation of alcoholic beverages
 * ====Herbert Hoover====
 * ====Black Tuesday====
 * ====Great Depression====
 * ====Smoot-Hawley Tariff====
 * ====Reconstruction Finance Corporation====
 * ====Hoover Dam====
 * one of hoovers big plans to help get the country to get back on it feet (build a dam, that was named after him)
 * ====Hooverville====
 * A big area of sheds where poor people lived
 * ====Bonus Army====
 * popular name of an assemblage of some 43000 marchers— 17000 World War I veterans to get the bonus money they were promised
 * ====Dust Bowl====
 * A big dust storm that took place in Colorado, Kansas,New Mexico, Oklahoma in the year of 1935
 * ====Public works projects====
 * ====Franklin Delano Roosevelt====
 * he was the 32nd president, he was the face of the new deal
 * ====Eleanor Roosevelt====
 * FDR's wife who was also like his right hand man
 * ====New Deal====
 * A series of economic programs implemented in the United States to get it back on its feet
 * ====Laissez Faire capitalism====
 * the government shouldn't get involved with buisness
 * ====Communism====
 * A sociopolitical movement that aims for a classless and stateless society structured upon common ownership of the means of production (GOVERNMENT CONTROLS ECONOMY)
 * ====Huey Long====
 * served as the 40th Governor of Louisiana from 1928–1932
 * ====Father Charles Coughlin====
 * ====Fireside Chat====
 * FDR went on the radio and spoke to the country
 * ====Bank Holiday====
 * ====Emergency Banking Act====
 * Shut down all of the banks in the nation and then inspect the health of all banks
 * ====AAA====
 * Protected farmers from price drops by providing crop subsidies to reduce production, educational programs to teach methods of preventing soil erosion.
 * ====CCC====
 * Sent 250,000 young men to work camps to perform reforestation and conservation tasks. Removed surplus of workers from cities, provided healthy conditions for boys, provided money for families.
 * ====NRA====
 * ====TVA====
 * Federal government build series of dams to prevent flooding and sell electricity. First public competition with private power industries
 * ====FDIC====
 * Created federally insured bank deposits ($2500 per investor at first) to prevent bank failures.
 * ====SEC====
 * Regulated stock market and restricted margin buying.
 * ====WPA====
 * Employed 8.5 million workers in construction and other jobs, but more importantly provided work in arts, theater, and literary projects.
 * ====REA====
 * Encouraged farmers to join cooperatives to bring electricity to farms. Despite its efforts, by 1940 only 40% of American farms were electrified.
 * ====Social Security====
 * The Social Security Act was designed to combat the widespread poverty among senior citizens.
 * ====Fair Labor Standards Act====
 * 21st Amendment
 * repealed the 18th amendment that banned the import or transportation of alcoholic beverages
 * ====Court-packing====
 * ====Black Cabinet====
 * a group of African- Americans who adiveced the president
 * ====Frances Perkins====
 * first women in secretary of labor
 * ====Dorothea Lange====
 * took pictures of people in the dust bowl
 * ====John Steinbeck====